Abstract
A 40 yrs female muslim housewife attended Endocrinology department of Dhaka Medical College Hospital with the complaints of swelling in front of neck, alone with dryness of the skin, cold intolerance, constipation and menorrhagia. Physical examination and laboratory investigations substantiated the diagnosis of accessory thyroid gland in front of neck above the isthmus of the thyroid gland. RAIU and scanning showed normally present thyroid gland with accessory thyroidal nodular swelling in the midline in the upper part of front of neck .USG of the thyroid gland showed normal size of thyroid gland with coarse echo texture. A hypo echoic solid thyroid nodule was also seen above the isthmus of the thyroid gland, measuring about 2.4 cm×2.2cm. Thyroid function tests revealed hypothyroidism. She is on thyroid hormone replacement therapy. This rare presentation of accessory thyroid gland with hypothyroid state led us to report the case. Keywords: Accessory thyroid gland, Hypothyroidsm, Ectopic, Bangladesh DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v12i2.8426 JOM 2011; 12(2): 180-182
Highlights
The organogenesis of the thyroid gland in human is often disturbed leading to a variety of morphological variation of the gland, such as hypoplasia, ectopy, hemiagenesis and agenesis
The small opening the thyroglossal duct persists as a small pit, the foramen cecam of the tongue
Ectopic thyroid tissue is defined as thyroid tissue located other than anterolaterally to the second to fourth tracheal cartilages
Summary
The organogenesis of the thyroid gland in human is often disturbed leading to a variety of morphological variation of the gland, such as hypoplasia, ectopy, hemiagenesis and agenesis. As the embryo elongates and the tongue grows, the developing thyroid gland descends in to the neck, passing ventral to the developing hyoid bone and the lateral cartilages. The developing thyroid gland is connected to the tongue by the thyroglossal duct. By 7th wk the thyroid gland has usually reached its final site in the neck.
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