Accessory Renal Arteries; Clinical Features and Prognosis in Hypertensive Children

Abstract

Objective: Accessory renal arteries may be related to the risk of renovascular hypertension. This study aims to evaluate the clinical course of accessory renal arteries in children with hypertension. We also aimed to compare renal function tests, blood pressure loads, frequency of end-organ damage, and prognosis of hypertensive patients who had detected single and accessory renal artery with Magnetic Resonance Angiography. Material and Methods: From 01 January 2015 to 31 December 2017 medical records of hypertensive patients were retrospectively reviewed and patients who had been evaluated with Magnetic Resonance Angiography for differential diagnosis of renovascular hypertension were selected. Hypertensive patients with single renal arteries and those who had accessory arteries were compared in the terms of findings Doppler Ultrasound, blood pressure load, and presence of end-organ damage, laboratory investigations, treatment modalities, and prognosis. Results: Of 49 hypertensive patients who underwent Magnetic Resonance Angiography, 26 (51%) showed accessory renal arteries. Despite the normal Doppler Ultrasound, 13 patients were found to have accessory renal artery with Magnetic Resonance Angiography. There was no significant difference between blood pressure load, and laboratory investigations between the patients with single renal arteries and those who had accessory renal arteries. The frequency of end-organ damage was also similar between both groups at the end of follow-up period as well as the number of medications. Conclusion: Magnetic Resonance Angiography is more successful than Doppler Ultrasound to detect accessory renal artery. It seems that the presence of accessory renal arteries does not affect the prognosis of the disease.