Abstract
This study analyzed the main economic trends, market structure, production, and innovation in vaccines against infectious diseases at the global and national levels, observing the effects on access to vaccination in Brazil and on the sustainability of the Brazilian Unified National Health System. In order to update a global overview of R&D and the market, the authors conducted a literature search and drew on a competitive intelligence database. In order to understand Brazil's role in this context, with the Health Economic-Industrial Complex as the structural focus, the authors accessed information from the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency, the National Immunization Program, and the Questel Orbit Intelligence database on patent protection in Brazil; identified the technologies transferred to public institutions in Brazil; and analyzed the trend in the trade balance deficit in health. The analysis revealed a global trend of concentration of vaccine production in a few leading pharmaceutical companies and the exacerbation of economic and technological asymmetries in the vaccine sector. In Brazil, the study identified technological weaknesses, risks, and manufacturing bottlenecks that impact the guarantee of immunizations in the country and showed that despite the installed industrial base, public policies and actions by domestic manufacturers have not been sufficient to confront and overcome the global context of structural dependence. In conclusion, the study indicates the need for progress in the Brazilian national strategy to link domestic production, technological capacity-building, and innovation in the vaccine sector to help guarantee universal access to health in Brazil.
Highlights
In order to update a global overview of R&D and the market, the authors conducted a literature search and drew on a competitive intelligence database
In order to understand Brazil’s role in this context, with the Health Economic-Industrial Complex as the structural focus, the authors accessed information from the Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency, the National Immunization Program, and the Questel Orbit Intelligence database on patent protection in Brazil; identified the technologies transferred to public institutions in Brazil; and analyzed the trend in the trade balance deficit in health
The analysis revealed a global trend of concentration of vaccine production in a few leading pharmaceutical companies and the exacerbation of economic and technological asymmetries in the vaccine sector
Summary
Este estudo investigou as principais tendências econômicas, da estrutura de mercado, e da produção e inovação em vacinas contra doenças infecciosas, em âmbito global e nacional, observando os reflexos no acesso à vacinação no Brasil e sustentabilidade do Sistema Único de Saúde. Considerando que aspectos inerentes ao processo de inovação e globalização se impõem como elementos centrais para se pensar as estratégias nacionais no segmento de vacinas, o presente trabalho investigou as principais tendências econômicas da estrutura de mercado e de produção em âmbito global, bem como observou a inserção do Brasil nesse contexto. Finalmente, com base na tradição estruturalista e na moderna teoria da complexidade – que preconizam a balança comercial como principal indicador da especialização produtiva e das assimetrias globais entre países, empresas e regiões, contemplando uma tradição no estudo do CEIS e de seus desdobramentos para a política pública –, o estudo se debruçou sobre aspectos do déficit da balança comercial brasileira referente ao setor de vacinas. Não demandou estudos com seres humanos, não exigindo submissão a comitês de ética, além do que, não foi identificado conflito de interesses
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