Abstract
Abstract Faced with the refuted hypothesis of the reduction and the extinction of indigenous peoples in Brazil, new perspectives and demands have emerged. This research aimed to investigate the access of indigenous peoples to formal education, especially in relation to science education in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The indigenous schools of the Kaingáng and the Guarani ethnic groups were contextualized from the perspective of spatialization considering the Mesoregions, the municipalities, and the respective Regional Education Coordinators. The aspects investigated include number of enrollments (from 2011 to 2015), number of science teachers and their respective ethnicities, and the contribution of the school libraries. Thus, it is understood that there is a great reflection and consequent application of financial resources, aiming at the inclusion of indigenous peoples. However, demands have been identified, such as the adoption of principles of interculturality and bilingualism, the lack of adequate libraries and collections, the lack of science teachers, and the lack of indigenous teachers.
Highlights
Territorial distribution of indigenous peoplesThe disappearance of Brazilian indigenous peoples was considered a factual situation until recently
Methodology a) Characterization of the sample space The data collected covered the state of Rio Grande do Sul (RS) and is based on a database from the State Department of Education (SEDUC / RS), produced from 2011 to 2015
Municipal and state schools of the seven Mesoregions of Rio Grande do Sul were quantified and identified, which in turn are distributed in 30 Regional Education Coordination Units (CREs)
Summary
Territorial distribution of indigenous peoplesThe disappearance of Brazilian indigenous peoples was considered a factual situation until recently. Many factors promoted the increase of this population, among them, the presence of the State in the communities, as well as the rediscovery of indigenous groups considered extinct. According to Castro et al (2014), the Kaingáng represents one of the top five most populous groups, being present in the states of São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul, totalizing 37,470 individuals. From this number, 31,814 live in indigenous areas, while 2,656 occupy areas or municipalities outside the boundaries of indigenous lands. In the state of Rio Grande do Sul, the Kaingáng population is larger than the Guarani, with approximately 18,000 people living in one third of the lands demarcated for natives (Ferreira, 2012)
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