Abstract
Background & aimScreening for genital infection (GI) such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and yeast infection, for sexually transmitted infection (STI), and for asymptomatic carriage of group B streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women are common reason for medical appointments. The diagnosis and control of GIs, STIs, and GBS are major issues, for fertility and overall well-being of affected women. Conventional testing is performed using vaginal/cervical classical sampling (VCS); this procedure requires pelvic examination performed by health care professionals which raises concerns among women. Vaginal-self-sampling (VSS), as an alternative to VCS, might capture more women.The aim was first to show non-inferiority of VSS compared with VCS to screen for GIs, STIs, and GBS; second to determine the feasibility of VSS.MethodsVSS and VCS from 1027 women were collected by health care professionals and simultaneously carried out on each patient. GIs, STIs, and GBS were systematically screened in both paired VSS and VCS samples. Non-inferiority of VSS compared with VCS was assessed using z statistic for binomial proportions.ResultsPrevalence of GIs were 39.7% using VSS and 38.1% using VCS (p = 0.0016). Prevalence of STIs was 8.5% (VSS) vs 8.1% (VCS) (p = 0.0087). Prevalence of GBS was 13.4% (VSS) and 11.5% (VCS) (p = 0.0001). Most participants (84%) recommended the use of VSS.ConclusionsThis study shows that VSS was not inferior to VCS for the detection of GIs, STIs, and GBS. This study provides evidence that VSS can be used as a universal specimen for detection of lower genital tract infections in women.Study identification numberID-RCB 2014-A01250-4.
Highlights
This study shows that VSS was not inferior to vaginal/cervical classical sampling (VCS) for the detection of genital infection (GI), sexually transmitted infection (STI), and group B streptococcus (GBS)
This study provides evidence that VSS can be used as a universal specimen for detection of lower genital tract infections in women
Common reasons for medical appointments are screening for genital infections (GI) such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and yeast infection, screening for sexually transmitted infection (STI), and screening for asymptomatic carriage of group B streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women
Summary
Common reasons for medical appointments are screening for genital infections (GI) such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and yeast infection, screening for sexually transmitted infection (STI), and screening for asymptomatic carriage of group B streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women. Vaginal and/or cervical sampling is indicated in cases of suspicion or screening for BV and yeast infection, STIs or cases of asymptomatic carriage in pregnant women in the eighth month of pregnancy. Screening for genital infection (GI) such as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and yeast infection, for sexually transmitted infection (STI), and for asymptomatic carriage of group B streptococcus (GBS) in pregnant women are common reason for medical appointments. Conventional testing is performed using vaginal/cervical classical sampling (VCS); this procedure requires pelvic examination performed by health care professionals which raises concerns among women. The aim was first to show non-inferiority of VSS compared with VCS to screen for GIs, STIs, and GBS; second to determine the feasibility of VSS
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