Abstract
BackgroundBasic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) has been applied for periodontal regeneration. However, the application depends on bone defect morphology because bFGF diffuses rapidly from defect sites. In a previous study, collagen‐binding bFGF (CB‐bFGF) has been shown to enhance bone formation by collagen‐anchoring in the orthopedic field. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of CB‐bFGF with collagen scaffolds in bone regeneration of horizontal bone defect.MethodsCell proliferation activity and collagen binding activity of CB‐bFGF was confirmed by WST‐8 assay and collagen binding assay, respectively. The retention of CB‐bFGF in the collagen sheet (CS) was measured by fluorescence imaging. The rat horizontal alveolar bone defect model was employed to investigate the efficacy of CB‐bFGF with collagen powder (CP). After 4 and 8 weeks, the regenerative efficacy was evaluated by microcomputed tomography, histological, and immunohistochemical analyses.ResultsCB‐bFGF had a comparable proliferation activity to bFGF and a collagen binding activity. CB‐bFGF was retained in CS longer than bFGF. At 8 weeks postoperation, bone volume, bone mineral content, and new bone area in CB‐bFGF/CP group were significantly increased compared with those in other groups. Furthermore, epithelial downgrowth was significantly suppressed in CB‐bFGF/CP group. At 4 weeks, the numbers of osteocalcin, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and osteopontin‐positive cells at the regeneration site in CB‐bFGF/CP group were greater than those in other groups.ConclusionsCB‐bFGF/CP effectively promoted bone regeneration of horizontal bone defect possibly by sustained release of bFGF. The potential of CB‐bFGF composite material for improved periodontal regeneration in vertical axis was shown.
Highlights
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that causes destruction of periodontal tissues as a result of a complex interplay between bacterial infection and host immune response.[1]
When the supernatant of CB-Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or bFGF solution after mixing with collagen powder (CP) was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, the band of collagen-binding bFGF (CB-bFGF) was not observed, whereas that of bFGF was observed
We clearly showed that CB-bFGF/CP promoted bone regeneration and suppressed the downgrowth of epithelial tissues in the rat horizontal bone defect model
Summary
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that causes destruction of periodontal tissues as a result of a complex interplay between bacterial infection and host immune response.[1] The most common treatment of periodontitis is mechanical removal of bacterial biofilm by scaling and root planing.[2] To treat severe periodontitis, a surgical approach aims to remove the source of infection by flap operation.[3] due to invasion of the epithelial tissue into the alveolar bone defect site, it is difficult to regenerate periodontal tissues such as alveolar bone and periodontal ligament, and the risk of recurrence of periodontitis remains. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of CB-bFGF with collagen scaffolds in bone regeneration of horizontal bone defect
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