Abstract

Gene discovery efforts and functional studies have credentialed the JAK-STAT signaling pathway as an important pathway contributing to malignant transformation.1 On the basis of these observations, JAK2 kinase inhibitors have been developed for clinical use, and ruxolitinib, a JAK2/JAK1 inhibitor is approved for primary myelofibrosis.2, 3 More importantly, JAK2 inhibitors with different pharmacokinetic properties and off-target effects have entered clinical trials for use in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), acute lymphoblastic T-cell leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome patients (http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=ruxolitinib&Search=Search). Recent studies have suggested a role for JAK2 kinase inhibition for patients with breast cancer, lung cancer and pancreatic tumors4 and clinical trials are evaluating the role of JAK2 inhibitors in epithelial tumors.

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