Abstract
Inducing civil aviation aircraft to bumpiness, atmospheric turbulence is a typical risk that seriously threatens flight safety. The Eddy Dissipation Rate (EDR) value, as an aircraft-independent turbulence severity indicator, is estimated by a vertical wind-based or aircraft vertical acceleration-based algorithm. Based on the flight data of civil aviation aircraft, the vertical turbulence component is obtained as the input of both algorithms. A new method of computing vertical acceleration response in turbulence is put forward through the Unsteady Vortex Lattice Method (UVLM). The lifting surface of the target aircraft is assumed to be a combination of wing and horizontal tail in a turbulent flight scenario. Vortex rings are assigned on the mean camber surface, forming a non-planar UVLM, to further improve the accuracy. Moreover, the neighboring vortex lattices are placed as close as possible to the structural edge of control surfaces. Thereby, a complete algorithm for estimating vertical acceleration and in situ EDR value from Quick Access Recorder (QAR) flight data is proposed. Experiments show that the aerodynamic performance is computed accurately by non-planar UVLM. The acceleration response by non-planar UVLM is able to track the recorded acceleration data with higher accuracy than that of the linear model. Different acceleration responses at different locations are also obtained. Furthermore, because the adverse effects of aircraft maneuvers are separated from turbulence-induced aircraft bumpiness, the new acceleration-based EDR algorithm shows better accuracy and stability.
Highlights
As a chaotic motion added to constant wind, atmospheric turbulence is by far the leading cause of injuries, leading civil aviation aircraft to unexpected bumpiness [1]
In special applications, such as aerodynamic analysis in aerial refueling formation flight [25,26,27] and innovative flap design [28], Vortex Lattice Method (VLM) possesses the advantage of rapid trial and error
If the aerodynamic performance with turbulence effects is obtained by Unsteady Vortex Lattice Method (UVLM), a more accurate acceleration response can be acquired, and it should be beneficial for acceleration-based Eddy Dissipation Rate (EDR) estimation
Summary
As a chaotic motion added to constant wind, atmospheric turbulence is by far the leading cause of injuries, leading civil aviation aircraft to unexpected bumpiness [1]. Dynamics (CFD) method, VLM is a kind of rapid and medium-accurate algorithm that has been widely used in aero-elastic analysis [20], wind turbine design [21], lift and induced drag computation [22], lifting body design optimization [23], and gust wind response analysis [24] In special applications, such as aerodynamic analysis in aerial refueling formation flight [25,26,27] and innovative flap design [28], VLM possesses the advantage of rapid trial and error. If the aerodynamic performance with turbulence effects is obtained by UVLM, a more accurate acceleration response can be acquired, and it should be beneficial for acceleration-based EDR estimation. Compared with wind-based EDR estimation, the performance and accuracy of the new EDR estimation algorithm will be analyzed
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