Abstract
Understanding the behavior of Li-ion cells during thermal runaway is critical to evaluate the safety of these energy storage devices under outstanding conditions. Li-ion cells possess a high energy density and are used to store and supply energy to many aerospace applications. Incidents related to the overheating or thermal runaway of these cells can cause catastrophic damages that could end up costly space missions; therefore, thermal studies of Li-ion cells are very important for ensuring safety and reliability of space missions. This work evaluates the thermal behavior of Li-ion cells before and after storage degradation at high temperature using accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) equipment to analyze the thermal behavior of Li-ion cells under adiabatic conditions. Onset temperature points of self-heating and thermal runaway reactions are obtained. The onset points are used to identify non-self-heating, self-heating and thermal runaway regions as a function of state of charge. The results obtained can be useful to develop accurate thermo-electrochemical models of Li-ion cells.
Highlights
Li-ion cells are an essential part of the power systems for satellites, rockets and spacecraft, they serve as energy storage devices and provide power during eclipse time
From the accelerating rate calorimeter (ARC) measurements, onset temperature points of selfheating and thermal runaway reactions are obtained by tracking the heating rate of the cells when an exothermic reaction has been detected
We consider that a self-heating reaction has started when the cell heating rate is larger than 0.05 °C min-1, and thermal runaway reaction starts when the cell heating rate is larger than 1 °C min-1
Summary
Li-ion cells are an essential part of the power systems for satellites, rockets and spacecraft, they serve as energy storage devices and provide power during eclipse time. The thermal runaway behavior of a Li-ion cell is dominated by the exothermic reactions between its electrolyte and electrode materials [1,2,3]. Thermal runaway occurs when the exothermic reactions go out of control, the self-heating rate of the cell increases to the point that it begins to generate more heat than what can be dissipated [4,5]. ARC measurements are useful to obtain onset temperature points of self-heating and thermal runaway reactions. Safety concerns related to use of damaged or degraded Li-ion cells have increased, mainly focusing on the thermal behavior of degraded cells, there are a few investigations on this matter. The thermal behavior of non-degraded and degraded Li-ion cells is analyzed by carrying out ARC measurements. The results obtained can be used to develop accurate thermo-electrochemical models of Liion cells
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