Accelerated Radiation Therapy Using Weekend Boost with Concurrent Cisplatin in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancers: An Indian Institutional Experience

Abstract

PurposeThe purpose of the study was to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of an accelerated radiotherapy schedule using weekend boost in terms of tumor response, compliance, and acute toxicities for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and to report long-term clinical outcomes. Materials and MethodsTwenty-six patients with stages III-IV head and neck squamous cell carcinoma receiving radical chemoradiotherapy were accrued prospectively into the study. External beam radiation therapy to a total dose of 66–70 Gy in 33–35 fractions, 1.8–2.0 Gy per fraction along with concurrent weekly cisplatin was planned. Radiation regimen included delivery of six fractions per week, with boost field delivered as the sixth fraction on the weekend. The compliance, tumor response, and toxicities were recorded. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. ResultsTwenty-one of 26 patients (81%) completed treatment as planned and five patients died during the course of treatment. Sixteen patients (62%) completed treatment in less than 44 days and, at the end of 3 months’ follow-up, 18 patients (69%) showed complete response and two patients (8%) showed partial response. The 2- and 5-year actuarial disease-free survival were 90% and 65%, respectively, and 2- and 5-year actuarial overall survival were 60% and 38%, respectively. ConclusionAccelerated fractionation using weekend boost, along with concurrent weekly concurrent cisplatin, is an effective and promising approach with favorable impact on initial tumor response, comparable results, and acceptable toxicities.