Abstract
Dermanyssus gallinae is one of the most important ectoparasite of laying hens. The intensive use of chemicals has led to the selection of resistant mite populations. The difficulty in controlling the mites has promoted the search for alternative products. Thereby, the aim of this study was to assess in laboratory the acaricidal activity of inert mineral powders against D. gallinae , in dust and water suspensions (5 and 10%) treatments. The products were tested against eggs, nymphs and adults of the mite. There were differences in the activity of tested products. Some products based on diatomaceous earth, kaolin and talc, applied in powder form on adults of the mite were more efficient and selected for subsequent tests. In liquid suspension bioassay it was observed no ovicidal activity of any of the tested products. However, the products were efficient on the nymphs with no difference between both products and concentrations. The activity of diatomaceous earth and kaolin 2120 in 5 and 10% water suspension on adults was significatively higher than other treatments against adults. There was no difference between the treatments in residual activity. The morphological characterization and identification of diatom frustules present in the product PosturaSec ® indicated prevalence of the genus Brachysira Kutzing, density of 5.7 x 10 7 valves/g, 200 μm size particles and 86.2% of silicon.
Highlights
The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) (Mesostigmata: Dermanyssidae) is a cosmopolitan hematophagous ectoparasite of laying hens
It was observed in a comparison of acaricidal activity of 12 silica-based products that morphological characteristics of the particles were determinant for the greater activity of some products to the red mite, reinforcing the physical basis of the acaricidal activity of silica (Schutz et al, 2014)
As observed for diatomaceous earth, hygroscopicity has been showed by other minerals and, in this sense, kaolins possess adsorptive and abrasive activity
Summary
The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778) (Mesostigmata: Dermanyssidae) is a cosmopolitan hematophagous ectoparasite of laying hens. It is frequently found in aviaries throughout the year (Pritchard et al, 2015). D. gallinae leads to anaemia, behavioural changes, skin irritation, feather loss, excessive pecking, and dermatitis in hens. It can constitute a vector of pathogens of veterinary importance, including Salmonella enterica serotype Gallinarum and Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis. There are reports of discomfort and dermatitis in workers of highly infested aviaries (Rosen et al, 2002; Moro et al, 2009; Pereira, 2009; Cunha, 2013; Pritchard, 2015)
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