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Abstract
Free living amoebae (FLA) including Acanthamoeba castellanii, are protozoa that feed on different microorganisms including viruses. These microorganisms show remarkable similarities with macrophages in cellular structures, physiology or ability to phagocyte preys, and some authors have therefore wondered whether Acanthamoeba and macrophages are evolutionary related. It has been considered that this amoeba may be an in vitro model to investigate relationships between pathogens and macrophagic cells. So, we intended in this study to compare the interactions between a human adenovirus strain and A. castellanii or THP-1 macrophagic cells. The results of molecular and microscopy techniques following co-cultures experiments have shown that the presence of the adenovirus decreased the viability of macrophages, while it has no effect on amoebic viability. On another hand, the viral replication occurred only in macrophages. These results showed that this amoebal model is not relevant to explore the relationships between adenoviruses and macrophages in in vitro experiments.
Highlights
Adenovirus are viruses infecting a broad range of hosts from birds to fish
Since Free living amoebae (FLA) and viruses can be found in the same environments, some authors have investigated the potential interactions between these microorganisms in order to determine if FLA could play a role in the viral multiplication and spread
As human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are involved in virus-related waterborne disease outbreaks, Huesh et al have studied their interactions with Acanthamoeba spp. and demonstrated that A. castellanii is able to interact with these enteric viruses [23]
Summary
Human adenovirus (HAdV) have been isolated for the first time by Rowe in 1953, in a sample of amygdala and respiratory secretions [1]. They are non-enveloped viruses, constituted of an icosahedral capsid enclosing a double-stranded DNA genome of approximately 36,000 base pairs [2]. HAdV can be used to monitor the foecal contamination, so the virological quality of water [4]. They are responsible for a wide range of human pathologies according to their serotype.
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