Abstract
This paper deals with an experimental study of the influence of conductive (Fe3O4) and insulating (Al2O3) nanoparticles at various concentrations on the dielectric strength of transformer mineral oil. The method of preparation and characterization of these nanofluids (NFs) through the measurements of zeta potential, the real and imaginary parts of dielectric permittivity as well as the concentration and size of nanoparticles using scanning electron microscope images of nanoparticles powders and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis are presented. Experimental findings reveal that these two types of nanoparticles materials significantly improve AC breakdown voltage and the magnitude of this enhancement depends on the nanoparticle concentration, and the size and nature (material) of nanoparticles. For a given type of nanoparticle, the effect is more marked with the smallest nanoparticles. The conductive nanoparticles offer higher enhancement of dielectric strength compared with insulating nanoparticle based nanofluids. With Fe3O4, the breakdown voltage (BDV) can exceed twice that of mineral oil and it increases by more than 76% with Al2O3. The physicochemical mechanisms implicated in this improvement are discussed.
Highlights
The search for increasingly efficient materials of integrated components in electric power transmission and distribution systems to improve the dielectric strength, and reduce their size, weight, and cost is a permanent task
This work is aimed at investigating the effect of two kinds of nanoparticles, namely Fe3 O4 and Al2 O3, on the AC dielectric strength of transformer mineral oil
It has been highlighted that the AC breakdown voltage of these NFs are higher than that of mineral oil
Summary
The search for increasingly efficient materials of integrated components in electric power transmission and distribution systems to improve the dielectric strength, and reduce their size, weight, and cost is a permanent task. The effect of nanoparticles on the electrical properties of dielectric materials, in particular, on their ability to record the initiation voltage of partial discharges and to slow the propagation of electrical discharges, trees in polymers and streamers in liquids, leading to breakdown is the subject of many studies around the world for the past 20 years. It appears from the results reported in the literature that some polymers’ nano-composites are promising materials for high voltage applications [1,2,3,4,5,6]. If the solid dielectrics provide a function mainly of insulation and mechanical support (equipment envelope, support isolators, bushing, etc.), the liquid dielectrics must ensure the thermal transfer for a better cooling of high voltage components and power transformers especially, in addition to their insulating role
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