Ac conductivity and dielectric properties of bulk tin phthalocyanine dichloride (SnPcCl 2)

Abstract

The ac conductivity, σ ac( ω), has been measured for bulk tin phthalocyanine dichloride (SnPcCl 2) in the form of compressed pellet with evaporated ohmic Au electrodes in a temperature range 303–403 K. Ac conductivity, σ ac( ω), is found to vary as ω s in the frequency range 42 Hz−5×10 6 Hz. At low range of frequency, s<1 and it decreases with the increase in temperature indicating a dominant hopping process. At high range of frequency, s is found to be equal to ≈1.09 and is temperature independent. The dielectric constant, ε 1, and dialectic loss, ε 2, have been determined for bulk SnPcCl 2. Both ε 1 and ε 2 decrease with the increase in frequency and increase with the increase in temperature. The Cole–Cole types have been used to determine some parameters such as; the macroscopic relaxation time ( τ o), the molecular relaxation time ( τ), the activation energy for relaxation ( E o) and the distribution parameter ( α). The temperature dependence of τ is expressed by a thermally activated process with the activation energy of 0.299 eV.