Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the abundance and diversity of the species and their presumed vectorial role in the transmission of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Research on sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) was carried out in two municipalities in the Ribeira River Valley in the State of Parana, southern Brazil. One, Adrianopolis, is an endemic area of CL and the other is a recent outbreak area (Cerro Azul). A total of 432 specimens were collected from residential, peri-domestic and wild environments. According to the data obtained, for each ecotope studied, the statistical analysis has shown that two lines of the Lutzomyia intermedia population coexist and that the quantity of specimens from L. intermedia s.l . is significantly different from L. intermedia s.s . in all environments (χ 2 =9.943; DF=2; p=0.07). The prevalence of L. intermedia (93.28%) in the ecotopes studied suggests that it is the main vector of leishmaniasis. The succession of vector species and their involvement in the epidemiological cycle of L. braziliensis is discussed in this article.
Highlights
Leishmaniases are distributed worldwide and have been reported in 98 countries, with a global prevalence of 12 million people and a population of 350 million at risk of infection[1,2]
The species identified were: L. intermedia (403 specimens, with 219 specimens collected in Adrianópolis and 184 in Cerro Azul), L. fischeri (19 specimens, with 1 specimen collected in Adrianópolis and 18 in Cerro Azul), L. pessoai (6 specimens, all collected in Cerro Azul), Lutzomyia migonei (França, 1920) (1 specimen, collected in Cerro Azul) (Table 1)
The difference found between L. intermedia s.l. and L. intermedia s.s. was greater than that determined between L. fischeri and L. pessoai, which predominated in the peridomicile environment
Summary
Leishmaniases are distributed worldwide and have been reported in 98 countries, with a global prevalence of 12 million people and a population of 350 million at risk of infection[1,2]. The diseases are caused by Leishmania Ross, 1903, which in the neotropical region are transmitted to animals and humans by females of Lutzomyia França, 1924 (Psychodidae: Phlebotominae). In the same State, the parasite isolated from humans and dogs in the different regions was Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis Vianna, 1911(8-11). The vector Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) whitmani (Antunes & Coutinho, 1939) was found infected with the same species in the northern part of the State[7]. (Viannia) was detected in Lutzomyia (Nyssomyia) intermedia (Lutz & Neiva, 1912)(12,13). One wild animal species (Nectomys sp.) has been verified with infection by L. braziliensis[10]
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