Abstract
We describe CO rotational line calculations of molecular gas and dust ejected from red giants. A comparison between calculations and observations makes it possible to estimate mass loss rates, [CO]/[H2], [13C/12C] and other physical properties of the outflowing gas and dust. Our numerical computations include the solution of the radiative transfer equation for CO line emission, the equations of statistical equliibrium for CO rotational level populations and an energy equation. In agreement with stellar structure calculations our calculations indicate that the luminous carbon star IRC+10216 and other carbon‐rich stars have lower than solar system [13C/12C] values. A comparison between measured and calculated line ratios and line widths indicates that S140 has a [13C/12C] value of ≂1/35–1/40.
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