Abundance of Common Aerobic Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria in a Coastal Aquaculture Area.

Yuki Sato-Takabe,Taichi Yokokawa,Satoru Suzuki,Kohei Ohta,Takafumi Kataoka,Hironori Nakao,Koji Hamasaki

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2016.01996

Yuki Sato-Takabe, Taichi Yokokawa + Show 5 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01996

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Abstract

Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAnPB) rely on not only heterotrophic but also phototrophic energy gain. AAnPB are known to have high abundance in oligotrophic waters and are the major portion of the bacterial carbon stock in the environment. In a yearlong study in an aquaculture area in the Uwa Sea, Japan, AAnPB, accounted for 4.7 to 24% of the total bacteria by count. Since the cell volume of AAnPB is 2.23 ± 0.674 times larger than the mean for total bacteria, AAnPB biomass is estimated to account for 10–53% of the total bacterial assemblage. By examining pufM gene sequence, a common phylogenetic AAnPB species was found in all sampling sites through the year. The common species and other season-specific species were phylogenetically close to unculturable clones recorded in the Sargasso Sea and Pacific Ocean. The present study suggests that the common species may be a cosmopolitan species with worldwide distribution that is abundant not only in the oligotrophic open ocean but also in eutrophic aquaculture areas.

Highlights

Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAnPB) are heterotrophic bacteria but have bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) and aerobically produce ATP through the photosynthetic pathway
AAnPB are known to be widely distributed in the ocean (Kolber et al, 2001; Lami et al, 2007; Cottrell and Kirchman, 2009; Lamy et al, 2011) with the highest abundances of 24% of total bacterial community reported in oligotrophic conditions in the South Pacific Ocean (Lami et al, 2007)
Cell volume was reported for AAnPB in the open ocean (Sieracki et al, 2006; Lami et al, 2007); cell size, abundance and biomass data for AAnPB have not been reported for eutrophic aquaculture areas

Summary

Introduction

Aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria (AAnPB) are heterotrophic bacteria but have bacteriochlorophyll a (BChl a) and aerobically produce ATP through the photosynthetic pathway. AAnPB are known to be widely distributed in the ocean (Kolber et al, 2001; Lami et al, 2007; Cottrell and Kirchman, 2009; Lamy et al, 2011) with the highest abundances of 24% of total bacterial community reported in oligotrophic conditions in the South Pacific Ocean (Lami et al, 2007) This suggests that AAnPB could play an important role as a large part of the bacterial carbon stock in oligotrophic open oceans. Cell volume was reported for AAnPB in the open ocean (Sieracki et al, 2006; Lami et al, 2007); cell size, abundance and biomass data for AAnPB have not been reported for eutrophic aquaculture areas

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