Abundance estimates of Southern Hemisphere Breeding Stock ‘D’ humpback whales from aerial and land-based surveys off Shark Bay, Western Australia, 2008

Abstract

Single platform aerial line transect and land-based surveys of Southern Hemisphere Breeding Stock ‘D’ humpback whales Megaptera novaeangliaewere undertaken off Shark Bay, Western Australia to provide absolute abundance estimates of animals migrating northward along the westernAustralian coast. The aerial survey flew a total of 28 flights, of which 26 were completed successfully, from 24 June–19 August 2008. The landbased survey was undertaken from Cape Inscription, Dirk Hartog Island, Shark Bay, during the expected peak of the whales’ northward migration,from 8–20 July. During the first week of the land-based survey, some double count effort was undertaken to provide information on the numbersof pods missed from the land station. The assumed period of northward migration was 2 June–7 September. Estimated abundance of northwardmigrating whales during that time is 34,290 (95% CI: (27,340–53,350)), representing an annual rate of increase of 12.9% (CV = 0.20) since anestimate of 11,500 in 1999. This estimate is based on an estimate of relative abundance of surface-available whales of 10,840 (8,640–16,860), andan estimated g(0) of 0.32. There were considerable practical difficulties encountered during the land-based survey which reduced the effectivenessof the dual-survey approach for estimating g(0) for the aerial survey. Furthermore only about 15% of whales were estimated to be within the visualrange of the land-based station. Alternative approaches for estimating g(0) from these data are therefore also presented, resulting in considerablyhigher estimates of around 0.6–0.7, and yielding a conservative abundance estimate of 17,810 (14,210–27,720).