Abstract
Macrobrachium surinamicum is a small shrimp that inhabits rivers of low salinity. It is mainly caught as bycatch in Amazon shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicum fisheries, which is widely exploited by artisanal fisheries for food and economic needs of the riverside population. This study aimed to characterize the spatial and temporal distribution of the freshwater shrimp M. surinamicum in the Guajará Bay and on Mosqueiro Island, correlating the abundance of this species with abiotic factors (temperature and salinity). Samples were taken from May 2006 to April 2007 in six locations: Mosqueiro Island (Furo das Marinhas and Porto do Pelé); Icoaraci district; Arapiranga Island, edge of the city of Belém; and Combu Island, using traps named 'matapis'. A total of 361 shrimps were caught. The abundance was higher in December and lower in July 2006. The biggest catch occurred on Arapiranga Island and the lowest on Mosqueiro Island. The abundance differed significantly in December 2006 and no variable studied had significant influence on M. surinamicum abundance. In Guajará Bay, particularly the more sheltered places, as Arapiranga and Combu islands, favor the development of M. surinamicum, indicating that this species has preference for less disturbed areas.
Highlights
Shrimp Macrobrachium (Palaemonidae) Bate, 1968 is characterized by a wide worldwide distribution in fresh and estuarine waters and occur widely in tropical and subtropical areas of the world (Odinetz-Collart and Moreira, 1993; Short, 2004).Numerous species that belong to this genus are of a large commercial interest, both for aquaculture and exploitation of natural stocks (Odinetz-Collart and Moreira, 1993)
The occurrence and abundance of various species of decapod crustaceans are limited by environmental factors such as temperature and salinity, as in the case of M. potiuna (Müller, 1880), which was studied by Mattos and Oshiro (2009)
These authors concluded that the predominance of immature shrimps during the months in which the water temperature did not exceed 21 °C indicated the close relationship between this abiotic factor and growth of individuals
Summary
Shrimp Macrobrachium (Palaemonidae) Bate, 1968 is characterized by a wide worldwide distribution in fresh and estuarine waters and occur widely in tropical and subtropical areas of the world (Odinetz-Collart and Moreira, 1993; Short, 2004).Numerous species that belong to this genus are of a large commercial interest, both for aquaculture and exploitation of natural stocks (Odinetz-Collart and Moreira, 1993). Macrobrachium surinamicum Holthuis, 1948 is a small shrimp that inhabit rivers mouths and low-salinity waters (Cervigón et al, 1992) Catches of these shrimps take place in the Amazon region as bycatch in Amazon shrimp Macrobrachium amazonicum Bate, 1968 fisheries (Espírito‐Santo et al, 2005; Cavalcante, 2008), which is widely exploited by artisanal fisheries in order to meet food and economic needs of the riverside community (Bentes et al, 2011). Its distribution occurs in the Atlantic Ocean from Venezuela, Colombia, Suriname, and Guyana up to Brazil (States of Amapá and Pará) (Melo, 2003) The records of this species in Brazil confirm the occurrence of the Lower Amazon and the river basins Tocatins (Pileggi et al, 2013)
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