Abstract
Abundance and Diversity of Butterfly in Ntakata Forest, Western Tanzania
Highlights
Species loss occurs at an increasingly high rate from both outsides and within protected areas in Africa, calling for immediate actions to establish baseline data on species richness, abundances, and diversity
80% were in all habitat types and 20% were in the forest, open and closed woodland (Figure 2)
Our results show that the Ntakata Forest provided habitat for butterfly abundance and included Metisella trisignatus trisignatus, Charaxes chepalungu, C. xiphares kiellandi and C. chunguensis (Nymphalidae), which are endemic to Tanzania [29]
Summary
Species loss occurs at an increasingly high rate from both outsides and within protected areas in Africa, calling for immediate actions to establish baseline data on species richness, abundances, and diversity. In recent times is progressively more recognized that smaller species are essential for ecological and conservation monitoring because some are sensitive to pollution and habitat modifications [7,8,9]. Selective logging significantly affects some tropical butterfly species composition [10,11,12]. Still, it may not affect ungulates or carnivores to the same degree. Species richness provides good bio-indicators in conservation planning in Africa [13]. Most habitats in the world today are subject to human disturbances; pollution, fires, overgrazing, invasive species, habitat fragmentation and modification [1416]. Several thousands of species of both plants and animals are affected, and in the process, many species are being lost unnoticed [17]
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