Abundance and Distribution of Overwintering Red-tailed Hawks and American Kestrels in an Agricultural Landscape in Northeastern Arkansas

Abstract

Abstract Although Red-tailed Hawks (Buteo jamaicensis) and American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) are common raptors in the U.S.A., their wintering population abundance and distribution has not been studied recently in Arkansas. We assessed the temporal and spatial variation in population abundance of Red-tailed Hawks and American Kestrels over the winter in northeastern Arkansas. We conducted weekly surveys from an automobile in Craighead and Poinsett counties, Arkansas, October 2012–March 2013. Abundance of Red-tailed Hawks (n = 854 total observations) and American Kestrels (n = 165 total observations) along the transect increased during winter months. The overall abundance indices were 7.05 Red-tailed Hawks per 10 km (highest ever recorded) and 1.36 American Kestrels per 10 km. We found no significant differences in the utilization of the various cover types (i.e., short rice stubble, soybean stubble, and fallow areas/roadsides) for either species. However, both species differed in their use of perch...