Abstract
Abundance and antibiotic resistance of bacteria of the genus Aeromonas isolated from the water of three carp ponds were studied. The number of those bacteria differed between the studied ponds, sites and season. The results of the present study showed that planktonic Aeromonas inhabiting those ponds strongly differed in the resistance level to tested antibiotics. These microorganisms were the most resistant to amoxicillin, ampicillin, clindamycin and penicillin. However, all isolates Aeromonas were susceptible to gentamycin and streptomycin. Majority of bacterial strains were characterized by resistance to 4–6 of the 12 antibiotics tested. Bacterial resistance to antibiotics depended on their chemical structure. Aeromonas strains isolated from the studied ponds were the most resistant to β-lactam and lincosamides antibiotics, while the most susceptible to aminoglycosides, chloramphenicols and fluoroquinolones.
Highlights
The genus Aeromonas taxonomically belongs to the class Gammaproteobacteria, order Aeromonadales and the family Aeromonadaceae (Dias et al 2012)
The highest average number of these bacteria (3.11·102 colony forming units (CFU)/ml) was isolated from water samples collected in the zone near the water outflow from the studied ponds, while the lowest (2.22·102 CFU/ml) was recorded in the zone near the water inflow
The maximum number of bacteria of the genus Aeromonas was noted at the site 3 (4.22·102 CFU/ml)
Summary
The genus Aeromonas taxonomically belongs to the class Gammaproteobacteria, order Aeromonadales and the family Aeromonadaceae (Dias et al 2012). Motile Aeromonas as pathogenic bacteria can kill up to 80–100% of fish within 1– 2 weeks causing substantial economic losses, due to high mortality rates and worsened quality of produce in fishery farms, mainly for commercial carp farming (Orozova et al 2010, Stratev et al 2015; Mulyani et al 2018) In particular such species as Aeromonas hydrophila, A.caviae, A.sorbia, A. salmonicida, A. jandei, A.bestiarum and A.veronii are typically associated with diseases and mortality in fish (Beaz-Hidalgo and Figueras 2013; Yu et al 2015; Chenia 2016). These factors are the cause of many fish diseases, like external ulcerative lesions, fin rot, ocular ulceration, red sores, reddish head, rotting of the tails, anal region pale body colour, fin haemorrhagic, septicaemia, hemodiapedesis, anorexia, exophalmus and erythrodermatitis, revealed clear ascites, haemorrhage and destruction of sheathed tissues in spleen and renal tubular necrosis in the kidney, liver congestion, enlargement of spleen and kidney and enteritis resulting in major dieoffs and fish kills (Yu et al 2010; Hu et al 2012; Rashid et al 2013)
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