Abstract

E Papageorgopoulou ,E Felekouras ,Y Ino ,Efstathios Antoniou ,Fatourou ,Setsuo Hirohashi ,M Paleologou ,Ioanna Delladetsima ,C Kittas ,Dina Tiniakos

doi:10.1007/s00428-010-0947-z

Abstract

Research at Enrique de Alava’s lab is supported by the European Commission (Network of excellence on sarcomas EuroBoNet), the Ministry of Science of Spain, and the Maria Garcia-Estrada Foundation.

Highlights

The TNM, i.e. the tumour node metastasis classification of malignant tumours, is about 70 years old and was last updated in 2009
We have discovered that aggressive muscle-invasive tumors express molecular markers characteristic of a developmental process known as “epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition.”
The lecture will briefly summarize the basic concepts of the TNM classification in general and will focus on the new aspects which are of interest to pathologists dealing with breast cancer specimens

Summary

Introduction

The TNM, i.e. the tumour node metastasis classification of malignant tumours, is about 70 years old and was last updated in 2009. Method: The prognostic relevance of the WHO, the new TNM classification system, clinical staging (CS) including other prognostic factors (gender, cellular proliferation rates according to Ki-67 labeling, G differentiation of the tumour cells, etc.) were analyzed retrospectively in 98 patients (mean age 58.3 years) with histologically proven small bowel neuroendocrine tumours (NET). We adopt CAM using the Aperio Scanscope Xs for several applications: Results: (1) Detection and semiquantitative measurement of equivocal Her[2] immunoreactivity and of Ki67 in breast cancer—our data on over 350 cases with comparison between CAM and human evaluation and with FISH analysis strongly support its feasibility and reliability in routine practice; (2) to store and analyze tissue microarrays with all associated experimental and follow-up data, permitting fast access to adjacent sections and comparing stains across multiple slides; (3) to store clinical–pathological data of patients for discussion in multidisciplinary meetings and courses.

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Conclusion