Abstract WP2: Videooculography-assisted Head Impulse Test And Caloric Testing Improve Clinical Algorithms For Detecting Stroke In Acute Vertigo Patients

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke accounts for 4% of patients with acute vertigo, which is missed in up to one third of cases. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that detection of stroke underlying acute vertigo using HINTS plus (head-impulse test, nystagmus type, test of skew, hearing loss) can be improved by videooculography for automated analysis of head-impulse test (V-HIT). Materials and Methods: We evaluated patients with acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) presenting to the emergency room using HINTS plus and V-HIT-assisted HINTS plus in a randomized sequence. In addition, patients underwent cranial MRI and caloric testing. Image-confirmed posterior circulation stroke or vertebrobasilar TIA were defined as reference standard to calculate accuracy of applied vertigo assessment protocols. After study completion, we repeated statistical analysis for a third protocol that was composed post hoc by replacing the results of head-impulse test with those derived from caloric testing in the HINTS plus protocol. Results: We included 30 AVS patients (ages 55.4 ± 17.2 years, 14 females). Of these, 11 (36.7%) had MRI-confirmed posterior circulation ischemic stroke (n=4) or vertebrobasilar TIA (n=7). Conducting V-HIT-assisted HINTS plus as part of the emergency work up was feasible and displayed a tendency toward higher accuracy than conventional HINTS plus (sensitivity: 81.8%, 95%CI 48.2-97.7%; specificity 31.6%, 95%CI 12.6-56.6% vs. sensitivity 72.7%, 95%CI 39.0-94.0%; specificity 36.8%, 95%CI 16.3-61.6%). (Figure) The new caloric-supported algorithm displayed high accuracy (sensitivity 100%, 95%CI 66.4%-100%; specificity 66.7%, 95%CI 41%-86.7%). Conclusions: Our study provides pilot data on the capacity of videooculography to improve accuracy of acute vertigo assessment using HINTS plus and indicates potential value of acute caloric testing as integrative part of standardized AVS emergency work up.