Abstract
We currently evaluated the effect of focal cerebral ischemia on gut virome and bacteriome in adult mice. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion or sham surgery. Virome and bacteriome were analyzed using shotgun metagenomics in the fecal samples collected from each mouse before and at 24h of reperfusion. Bioinformatics tools including VIBRANT (v1.2.1), DIAMOND Blastp (v0.9.14.115), VConTACT2 (v0.9.5), Cytoscape (v3.7.2), mash (v2.0), MUMmer (v3.1), Samtools (v1.11), DESeq2 (v1.28.1), MetaWRAP, and CRISPR Recognition Tool (v1.2) were used to assess viral networks, viral auxiliary metabolic genes, and viral protein network changes. Bacteriome was analyzed by kneaddata v0.7.2, MetaPhlAn version 2.7.7, and humann2 v2.8.1. Focal ischemia induced significant differences in fecal viral and bacterial taxa at the strain levels compared with sham. Furthermore, viral protein networks altered significantly after stroke. In particular, the clusters of Clostridia-like phages and Erysipelatoclostridiaceae phages showed a differential association between stroke and sham. In addition, we identified a significant reduction in the phages and bacteria of Lactobacillus after stroke. These studies indicate a possible viral-bacterial correlative change in the gut after stroke.
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