Abstract PS08-09: Impact of HER2 expression dynamics on the real-world activity of trastuzumab deruxtecan for metastatic breast cancer (RELIEVE)

Abstract

Abstract Background: trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) is a standard treatment for patients (pts) with HER2-positive (HER2+) and HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (MBC). HER2-low expression has been shown to be a highly unstable biomarker, and no data exists on the activity of T-DXd among pts with changes in HER2 status over time. Furthermore, limited data exists on the performance of regimens administered after progression on T-DXd. Methods: We analyzed data for pts with MBC receiving T-DXd at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute between 7/2017 - 2/2023 and at Duke Cancer Center between 3/2020 - 4/2022. The disease was categorized HER2+ if IHC 3+ or ISH-amplified at any time point; HER2-negative cases were categorized as HER2-low (IHC 2+/ISH- or IHC 1+) or HER2-0 (IHC 0) based on the last biopsy before T-DXd; the HER2 status for the primary tumor and at first metastatic diagnosis were also collected. We determined time to next treatment (TTNT), overall survival (OS), toxicities with T-DXd, TTNT based on dynamic HER2 status and TTNT with post-T-DXd regimens. Genomic data was available for 58 pts using an in-house NGS assay on archival tumor samples. Results: A total of 191 pts were included in the analysis (126 HER2+, 44 HER2-low, 21 HER2-0). Median age at metastatic diagnosis was 50.9 (range 21 - 78), 26% had de-novo MBC and 38% had history of brain metastases before T-DXd. The proportion of hormone receptor (HR)-positive tumors based on the last biopsy prior to T-DXd was 53% in HER2+, 68% in HER2-low and 57% in HER2-0; pts within each cohort had received a median of 2 prior lines of chemotherapy before T-DXd (range 0 - 9). With a median follow-up of 10.4 months, median TTNT was 10.4 months for HER2+, 7.6 months for HER2-low and 3.7 months for HER2-0 MBC (p < 0.001). Switch in HER2 status between primary tumor and pre-T-DXd biopsy significantly impacted outcomes, with the shortest TTNT observed in pts switching from HER2-low to HER2-0 (TTNT 3.0 months) compared with 5.6 months if switching from HER2-0 to HER2-low, and 9.4 months if having stable HER2-low status (p=0.006). Conversely, HER2 status switch within the metastatic setting did not impact outcomes (Table 1). No difference in TTNT was seen regardless of HR status (negative vs positive, 7.4 vs 10.2 months, p=0.25) or number of prior chemotherapies (≤2 vs >2, 10.1 vs 8.8 months, p=0.50). Median OS is shown in Table 1. At last follow-up, 55 pts remain on T-DXd (28.8%), 108 progressed (56.5%), 28 stopped due to toxicity (14.7%). A total of 22 pts (11.5%) developed interstitial lung disease (ILD, 6.2% grade [G]1, 3.1% G2, 1.6% G3, 0.5% G4, no G5). ILD occurred after a median of 8 months from T-DXd initiation and resolved in 63.6% of the cases, with a median time to resolution of 4 months (2 months for grade 1 events). 5 pts (2.6%) developed cardiotoxicity. T-DXd was dose reduced in 61 pts (31.9%), most often for fatigue (14.7%), nausea/vomiting (9.9%) or hematological toxicity (6.3%). Among 105 pts receiving post-T-DXd treatments, TTNT was 4 months for HER2+, 3.1 months for HER2-low and 4.3 months for HER2-0 MBC (p=0.62). Pts with HER2-negative tumors and ERBB2 hemizygous deletions (6/58, 10.3 %) had a TTNT with T-DXd of 4.1 months, vs 7.6 months without ERBB2 deletions (p=0.41). Additional biomarker data will be presented at the meeting. Conclusions: T-DXd showed promising real-world activity in pretreated pts with MBC, with the longest TTNT observed among pts with HER2+ disease or with stable HER2-low disease over time. Real world TTNT is relatively short post-T-DXd and further studies evaluating resistance mechanisms and optimal treatments in this setting are needed. Table 1 – TTNT and OS among patients with metastatic breast cancer receiving T-DXd and post-T-DXd regimens according to HER2 status The activity of T-DXd significantly differed according to the HER2 status of the disease, with the longest TTNT observed among patients with HER2+ disease (at any timepoint in time) and among patients with stable HER2-low disease over time. Regimens administered immediately after T-DXd achieved a similar performance irrespective of the HER2 status of the disease, with a TTNT ranging between 3.1 and 4.3 months. Citation Format: Paolo Tarantino, Melissa Hughes, Ross Kusmick, Laura Alder, Alyssa Pereslete, Laura Noteware, Heather Moore, Amanda Van Swearingen, Tianyu Li, Hersh Gupta, Kalie Smith, Stefania Morganti, Janet Files, Kerry Sendrick, Simone Buck, Deborah Dillon, Rinath Jeselsohn, Yvonne Li, Andrew Cherniack, Aleix Prat, Nay Nwe Nyein Chan, David Rimm, Giuseppe Curigliano, Sarah Sammons, Carey Anders, Nancy Lin, Sara Tolaney. Impact of HER2 expression dynamics on the real-world activity of trastuzumab deruxtecan for metastatic breast cancer (RELIEVE) [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PS08-09.