Abstract PO4-10-07: Understanding Psychological distress in patients prior to breast cancer diagnosis:Mixed Methods Study

Abstract

Abstract Purpose:While the association between diagnosis of breast cancer and post-diagnosis psychological distress has been well documented, data regarding pre-diagnosis psychological distress in the breast cancer population are limited. The purpose of the current study is to measure the distress levels of patients prior to breast cancer diagnosis, to identify the categories of distress they have, and describe the experience of distress of patients before diagnosis. Methods: This study uses a mixed research method of cross-sectional survey and qualitative interviews. In the quantitative part, a cross-sectional survey of 118 patients with completed breast biopsies awaiting pathological diagnosis was conducted using the National Comprehensive Cancer Network’s (NCCN’s) Distress Thermometer(DT) and Problem List (PL), In the qualitative part, 15 patients were invited using convenient and purposive sampling. Data was collected using a semi-structured face-to-face interview and recorded. The transcribed text was analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological method. Results: The results reveal that 63.6% of patients reported a higher level of psychological distress (n=75, scoring≥4).Most patients had emotional (98%) or physical (64%) problems. Among these, worry or anxiety (47.5%), fear (33.1%), finances (21.2%), sadness and depression(18.6%), and grief or loss(15.3%) were the most frequently reported problems. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the factors associated with psychological distress before the diagnosis of breast cancer patients were age, education level. The experience of patients before diagnosis emerged five themes: Very high psychological distress index; Strong uncertainty; The demand of information; Guilt for the family; Hoped for psychological support from the health care team. Conclusions: Psychological distress is prevalent prior to breast cancer diagnosis and may merit early intervention. Understanding patients’ distress may help guide future psychosocial needs assessments and interventions to promote patient quality of life. Table 1 Sample characteristics (n=118). Table 2 Univariate analysis of predictors associated with psychological distress Table 3 The binary logistic regression model of psychological distress Citation Format: Yan Gao, Jinnan Gao. Understanding Psychological distress in patients prior to breast cancer diagnosis:Mixed Methods Study [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO4-10-07.