Abstract PO4-04-14: Change of first-line treatment pattern in metastatic luminal breast cancer: Results from the Austrian AGMT_MBC-Registry

Abstract

Abstract Background: For patients with HR+/HER2- (luminal) metastatic breast cancer (MBC), international guidelines recommend endocrine-based first-line therapy [ET] in combination with a CDK4/6 inhibitor for most patients. Only for patients with imminent organ failure, first-line chemotherapy should be considered. To clarify changing patterns of first-line treatments over time in an Austrian population of luminal MBC patients, we analyzed the data from the MBC registry of the Austrian Study Group for Medical Tumor Therapy (AGMT-MBC-Registry). Methods: The AGMT-MBC-Registry is an ongoing multicenter registry for MBC patients in Austria. Only patients with luminal MBC and sufficient outcome data were included in this analysis. Patients were assigned to one of the following groups according to the year of start of first-line treatment for MBC: 2001-2010, 2011-2013 (no CDK4/6i available for first-line in both periods), 2014-2016 (CDK4/6i available in early access programs and clinical trials for first-line only), 2017-2019, and 2020-2022 (CDK4/6i available in both periods). Time to first chemotherapy (TTC) defined as start of first-line treatment until first application of a cytotoxic agent, and overall survival (OS) defined as start of first-line treatment until death were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. OS analysis was adjusted for disease free survival (DFS) category (de novo, DFS < 24 month, DFS ≥ 24 month), menopausal status (pre-, postmenopausal, unknown), age at diagnosis of metastatic disease (continuous), number of metastatic sites at diagnosis (1, 2-3, > 3), visceral disease (no, yes), and Charlson comorbidity index at diagnosis (continuous). Results: As of May 16th 2023, 1,330 patients with HR+/HER2- disease receiving at least one treatment-line for MBC were evaluable. First-line treatments significantly changed over time (P < 0.001). In patients diagnosed between 2001 and 2010, 61.4% were treated with first-line chemotherapy compared to 10.0% in patients diagnosed between 2020 and 2022 (Table 1). Additionally, TTC also significantly increased over time (P < 0.001; Table 2). In contrast, the proportion of patients treated with a first-line CDK4/6i plus endocrine therapy combination increased over time from 4.4% in 2014-2016 up to 75.5% in the period of 2020-2022. Additionally, adjusted median overall survival estimates significantly increased over time (P < 0.001; Table 2). Conclusion: In our registry, the proportion of patients with luminal MBC treated with first-line chemotherapy significantly decreased over time, whereas the proportion or patients treated with first-line CDK4-6 inhibitors significantly increased. This is in line with the change of guideline recommendation as well as the availability of CDK4-6 inhibitors over the last 2 decades. The availability of new treatment options has significantly increased median overall survival over time. Table 1: First-line treatment pattern over time Period N ET ET plus CDK4/6i Chemotherapy Others* 2001-2010 220 84 (38.2%) 0 (0.0%) 135 (61.4%) 1 (0.5%) 2011-2013 238 116 (48.7%) 0 (0.0%) 110 (46.2%) 12 (5.0%) 2014-2016 318 174 (54.7%) 14 (4.4%) 99 (31.1%) 31 (9.7%) 2017-2019 293 60 (20.5%) 190 (64.8%) 36 (12.3%) 7 (2.4%) 2020-2022 249 22 (8.8%) 188 (75.5%) 25 (10.0%) 14 (5.6%) Overall 1,318 456 (34.6%) 392 (29.7%) 405 (30.7%) 65 (4.9%) Legend: N - number of patients, ET - endocrine therapy (tamoxifen, aromatase inhibitor and/or fulvestrant), CDK4/6i - CDK4/6 inhibitor; * e.g. endocrine treatment plus everolimus or investigational study treatment Table 2: Time to first chemotherapy (TCC) and overall survial (OS) over time Period Median TTC [months] Adjusted median OS [months] 2001-2010 0.0 (0.0 - 0.0) 49.4 (41.2 - 56.6) 2011-2013 4.3 (0.0 - 13.8) 48.2 (38.3 – 69.7) 2014-2016 20.0 (14.0 - 26.4) 60.3 (50.2 - 77.5) 2017-2019 40.1 (33.3 - 59.8) 60.8 (52.8 - NR) 2020-now 30.4 (27.6 - NR) NR (NR - NR) Legend: N - number of patients, NR - not reached Citation Format: Gabriel Rinnerthaler, Simon Gampenrieder, Angelika Pichler, Walter Herz, Andreas Petzer, Renate Pusch, Marija Balic, Christoph Suppan, Sonja Heibl, Lukas Scagnetti, Margit Sandholzer, Clemens Schmitt, August Zabernigg, Daniel Egle, Petra Pichler, Christopher Hager, Florian Roitner, Johannes Andel, Kathrin Strasser-Weippl, Rupert Bartsch, Michael Hubalek, Michael Knauer, Christian F. Singer, Richard Greil. Change of first-line treatment pattern in metastatic luminal breast cancer: Results from the Austrian AGMT_MBC-Registry [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2023 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2023 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(9 Suppl):Abstract nr PO4-04-14.