Abstract
Introduction: Previous studies have reported the association between ambient air pollution exposures and glucose levels. However, less is known about whether usual lifestyles could modify the association. Hypothesis: We assessed the hypothesis that lifestyles may modify the association between short-term exposure to ambient air pollution and fasting blood glucose levels among Chinese populations. Methods: The analysis was based on a family-based study in Northern China. In addition, data of air pollution from 2014 to 2017 were obtained from the Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center. A generalized additive model was adopted to estimate the change in blood glucose levels with a 10 μg/m 3 increase in 2-day moving average concentrations of air pollutants (lag0-1) (considering the potential lag pattern effect of air pollution on glucose levels). Interaction analyses were conducted by including a cross-product term of PM 2.5 or PM 10 by lifestyles (smoking, alcohol consumption, BMI, and sedentary lifestyles) in the models. Results: A total of 4,151 participants (2259 females, 1892 males, 58.9±8.7 years) without antidiabetic drugs on the survey day were included in the analysis. We found a 10 μg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 concentrations and PM 10 concentrations corresponded to 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04-0.09) and 0.06 (95% CI: 0.04-0.08) mmol/L increase in glucose levels, respectively after adjusting for sex, age, education levels, BMI (kg/m 3 ), smoking, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyles, family history of diabetes, use of antidiabetic drugs, temperature, and relative humidity. Besides, the results showed higher risks of PM 2.5 and PM 10 among the overweight and obese when compared with the normal weight ( P for interaction less than 0.05). However, drinking status and sedentary lifestyles did not modify the association between PM and glucose levels. Conclusions: Short-term exposures to air pollution were associated with higher blood glucose levels, which could be modified by BMI. Populations with higher BMI may be more susceptible to the adverse effects.
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