Abstract P408: Association Between South Asian Ethnicity and Clinical Characteristics of Patients Undergoing Cardiac Catheterization

Abstract

Background: We sought to describe differences in the characteristics of coronary interventions in U.S. South Asians (SA), an ethnicity at high risk for CAD, as compared to other races/ethnicities in New Jersey. Methods: In this single-center, retrospective cohort study of 8,850 patients from 2019-2021 undergoing coronary interventions (elective or acute), SAs were identified by 2 expert adjudicators. We used multivariable linear regression to estimate differences in mean age of coronary intervention by race/ethnicity (SA, non-Hispanic White [NHW], non-Hispanic Black [NHB], Hispanic, Other Asian, Other/unspecified). Among a subset of 7,288 patients, we used logistic regression to estimate odds of premature CAD (age<50y for overall cohort, <45y for male, <55y for female) and odds of multi-vessel disease (MVD; >2 vessels with ≥70% stenosis), adjusted for confounders (Table). Results: Among 8,850 patients (mean age 68y; 34% female; 5,011 [58%] NHW, 1,054 [12%] SA), 8.6% had premature CAD, 38% had acute coronary syndrome, and 20% had MVD. SA males, on average, were 5.1y younger and SA females were 3.9y younger, than NHW (male: SA, 63y [SD,12], 67[11] for NHW; female: SA, 67[11], NHW, 70[12]. p<0.001). Compared to NHW, SAs had 4.0x higher odds (male: 4.6x, female: 2.1x), NHB had 2.6x higher odds (M: 2.7x, F: 2.3x), other Asians had 2.1x higher odds (M: 2.3x, F: 1.3x), and Hispanics had 4.5x higher odds (M: 5.4x, F: 2.5x) of premature CAD (Table). SAs also had 47% higher odds of MVD than NHW (male: 45%, female: 47%), while NHB and Hispanics had 46% and 24% lower odds, respectively (Table). Findings were similar when restricting the cohort to patients requiring acute intervention (SA vs. NHW; OR [95% CI]. premature CAD, 3.73[2.44,5.71]; MVD, 1.54[1.12,2.11]). Conclusion: Independent of CAD risk factors, NJ SA males and females undergoing coronary intervention have more than 4 times and 2 times the likelihood of premature CAD, respectively, and more than 1.4 times the likelihood of multi-vessel disease compared to NHW.