Abstract P358: Discovery Loci and Generalization of Platelet Count Associations in the Hispanic Community Health Study: Study of Latinos (HCHS/SoL)

Abstract

Background: The biology of platelets_anuclear megakaryocyte fragments required for clotting_is well defined, with abnormalities resulting in clotting disorders ranging from asymptomatic to severe. Although platelet count (PLT) is highly heritable (h 2 =0.57 in NHANES), genetic regulation of this trait remains incompletely characterized. In particular, Hispanic Latinos are a diverse population in which the genetic variability of PLT has not been analyzed. We aimed to 1) identify novel loci associated with PLT in participants of HCHS/SoL; and 2) determine if previously identified PLT loci generalize to the Hispanic Latino population. Methods: We performed a genome-wide association study of PLT in 12,491 participants of HCHS/SoL, which includes individuals with Dominican, Puerto Rican, Mexican, Cuban, South American, and Central American ancestral origins residing in the United States. Participants were genotyped on the Illumina SoL Omni2.5M array and imputed to the 1000 Genomes Phase I Reference panel. We implemented linear mixed-model regression assuming an additive genetic model, adjusting for sex, age, study center, ancestry and sample weights, and including random effects for individual relatedness, household, and block group. Results: Ten independent loci were significantly (α = 5x10 -8 ) associated with PLT in HCHS/SoL and 13 of 57 previously identified platelet-count GWAS loci generalized to HCHS/SoL (+/-500kb, α = 8.78x10 -4 ). Discovery loci included a significant association near GABBR1 (rs3131857, MAF = 40%, β = -0.16) and a suggestive association near ETV7 (rs9470264, MAF = 20%, β = -0.19). Furthermore, a noncoding variant in ACTN1 was associated with increased PLT (rs117672662, MAF = 6%, β = 0.61); ACTN1 codes for alpha-actinin, a multi-isoform actin-binding protein involved in cytoskeleton organization and platelet/megakaryocyte structural integrity. Missense mutations in ACTN1 were recently implicated in congenital thrombocytopenia; exome sequencing also associated this locus with PLT, which supports a potential functional role in PLT for this gene. Conditional regression analyses to assess secondary association signals are in progress. Conclusions: Genetic associations in two discovery loci ( ETV7 and GABBR1 ) underscore the benefit of using diverse populations in GWAS. Expanding the number of loci associated with platelet count will help elucidate disease mechanisms and develop approaches to treat platelet disorders in populations of all ancestries.