Abstract P346: Joint Associations of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness With Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract

Background: Although excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and both EDS and OSA have separately been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), their joint association with CVD risk is unknown. Examining the association of EDS and OSA with CVD risk may help refine the OSA phenotype. Methods: Among 3,874 Sleep Heart Health Study participants without prevalent CVD, moderate to severe OSA was defined by an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 15 events per hour on in-home polysomnography. EDS was defined as an Epworth Sleepiness Scale score ≥ 11. Incident CVD events included adjudicated myocardial infarction, coronary revascularization and stroke. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, alcohol, smoking, and body mass index. Results: Mean age was 63.0 years with 55.4% female, mean AHI 9.3 events/hour, and 23.4% with EDS. Over a median of 10.4 years of follow-up, we identified 653 incident cases of CVD. In adjusted analyses, EDS (Hazard ratio: 1.22, 95% CI 1.01-1.47) but not moderate-severe OSA (HR: 0.98, 0.81-1.20) was associated with incident CVD. In stratified analyses, the CVD incidence rate varied from 15.6/1000 person-years in those with no OSA or EDS to 26.0/1000 person-years in those with OSA and EDS (figure). In multivariable analyses, the hazard ratio for moderate-severe OSA and EDS compared to no OSA and no EDS was 1.26 (0.91-1.73). Formal tests of statistical significance of the OSA and EDS interaction were not significant on either the additive or multiplicative scales. Conclusions: Having both EDS and moderate-severe OSA was not associated with an increased risk of CVD in our data.