Abstract P308: The Association of Vitamin K Intake and Status With the Metabolic Syndrome: A 10 Year Follow-Up Study

Abstract

Background: The Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of metabolic abnormalities and is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality. Vitamin K intake (phylloquinone/menaquinones) and vitamin K status are associated with several components of MetS, but the association with MetS has hardly been studied to date. Objective: To examine whether dietary intake and/or status of vitamin K are associated with occurrence of MetS and its components. Design: This study comprised of two cohorts, one of 402 women and one of 400 men (40-80 years). At follow-up 625 participants were still alive and willing to participate. Data were analyzed both cross-sectionally and longitudinally with Poisson and linear regression analyses adjusted for lifestyle and dietary factors. Baseline phylloquinone and menaquinone intake were measured with a validated food frequency questionnaire and dephospho-uncarborxylated matrix Gla protein was used as a marker for vitamin K status. Results: At baseline 285 (35.6%) participants had MetS and 172 (35.7%) at follow-up. Cross-sectionally, a high intake of menaquinones was associated (P trend =0.03) with a lower prevalence of MetS with a prevalence ratio (PR) of 0.70 (95%CI: 0.51-0.96) for the highest versus the lowest tertile. A high vitamin K status was also associated (P trend =0.02) with a reduced prevalence of MetS in cross-sectional analyses (PR T3 vs. T1 =0.73; 0.54-0.98) At follow-up, the highest tertiles of menaquinone intake (PR=0.62; 0.40-0.95) and vitamin K status (PR=0.61; 0.40-0.92) were associated (P trend <0.02) with a lower occurrence of MetS. These associations were mainly driven by relations with lower triglyceride concentrations for menaquinones and lower waist circumference in women for vitamin K status. Phylloquinone intake was not associated with MetS prevalence. Conclusion: This study shows that a high intake of menaquinones and high vitamin K status are associated with a lower prevalence of MetS. This is mainly driven by the associations of high menaquinones intake with lower triglycerides concentrations and high vitamin K status with lower waist circumference in women.