Abstract P307: Trends In Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Metabolic Syndrome Among Us Women Of Reproductive Age: 1988-2016

Abstract

Objective: To compare trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) by race/ethnicity among US women ages 18-49 years between 1988 and 2016. Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we classified MetS according to AHA/NHLBI criteria and calculated age-standardized prevalence of MetS in the following periods: 1988-94, 1999-04, 2005-10, and 2011-16. Our sample included nonpregnant women 18-49 years of age who self-reported as non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, or Mexican American. For each period, we estimated relative (prevalence ratio, PR) and absolute (prevalence difference, PD) differences by race/ethnicity. We tested heterogeneity of these estimates using ANOVA to determine if the differences between groups significantly widened or narrowed over time. All analyses were stratified by gravidity (nulligravida vs. primi- and multigravida). Results: Between 1988-94 and 2011-16, the age-standardized prevalence of MetS for nulligravida and primi-/multigravida women increased from 10% to 19% and 16% to 28%, respectively. Among nulligravida women , the relative differences in MetS between NH Black and NH White women decreased (PR 1988-94 =1.6, PR 1999-04 =1.4, PR 2005-10 =1.4, PR 2011-16 =1.0), while the difference between Mexican American and NH White women declined in 1999-04, but increased after (PR 1988-94 =2.2, PR 1999-04 =1.0, PR 2005-10 =1.5, PR 2011-16 =1.7). Compared to NH White women, the absolute differences for NH Black (PD 1988-94 =5.8%, PD 1999-04 =9.2%, PD 2005-10 =7.5%, PD 2011-16 =-0.5%) and Mexican American women (PD 1988-94 =11.1%, PD 1999-04 =-0.2%, PD 2005-10 =9.3%, PD 2011-16 =11.9%) followed similar patterns. Moreover, and among primi-/multigravida women , the relative differences between NH Black and NH White women remained stable (PR 1988-94 =1.3, PR 1999-04 =1.3, PR 2005-10 =1.5, PR 2011-16 =1.3), while the differences between Mexican American and NH White women declined (PR 1988-94 =1.8, PR 1999-04 =1.6, PR 2005-10 =1.3, PR 2011-16 =1.3). Again, compared to NH White women, absolute differences for NH Black (PD 1988-94 =4.4, PD 1999-04 =8.5, PD 2005-10 =10.7, PD 2011-16 =7.0) and Mexican American women (PD 1988-94 =12.2, PD 1999-04 =15.4, PD 2005-10 =5.7, PD 2011-16 =7.1) were similar. We found no evidence of significant heterogeneity of PRs and PDs across time for any group. Conclusions: Since 1988, prevalence of MetS among US women ages 18-49 has nearly doubled. The increase in prevalence was similar across NH White, NH Black and Mexican American women. Among nulligravida women, those that self-reported as Mexican American had the highest burden of MetS, while among primi-/multigravida women, the prevalence of MetS was consistently higher among both Mexican American and non-Hispanic Blacks.