Abstract P249: Incident Sleep-Disordered Breathing is Associated with Obesity: Penn State Child Cohort

Abstract

Objectives: To study the epidemiology of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in adolescents, which has received little attention. Methods: The Penn State Child Cohort (PSCC) is a representative general population sample of 700 children aged 5-12 years. Our preliminary results are based on an average 8 year follow up of the initial 300 prospective subjects (~43%) from this ongoing cohort study. A logistic regression was used to assess the association between potential risk factors and incident SDB. Results: The mean age at the 8-year follow up examination was 17.2 ± 0.1 years, with an average BMI percentile of 66.6 ± 1.6 and 56.5% boys. At baseline 1.5% of this subsample had SDB, defined by Apnea Hypopnia Index (AHI > 5 /hour). Surprisingly, there was no persistence of SDB. Eight-year incident SDB was 10.5%. The average AHI in those with incident SDB was 12.7 with a maximum of 92.4. Incident SDB was similar for girls (7.8%) and boys (12.7%). Those with SDB were older than those without (18.7 vs 17.0 years, P<0.001) and girls with SDB were older than boys with SDB (20.0 vs 18.0 years, P=0.002). Those with incident SDB tended to have a greater change in BMI percentile (8.2 vs 1.8, P = 0.143) during the follow up and slightly higher minority representation (25.8% vs 21.9%, P=0.655). A logistic regression model identified three variables that were associated with incident SDB, controlling for baseline AHI: age (OR = 1.5 (1.3, 1.9) P<0.001), male (OR= 2.5 (1.11,10.00) P=0.021), and [[Unable to Display Character: ∆]]BMIPCT (OR=1.2(1.02, 1.5) P=0.032). Conclusion: In this population based sample of adolescents, the 8-year incidence of SDB was high (10.5%), whereas childhood SDB did not persist into adolescence. Further, the results indicate that risk factors for incident SDB in adolescents are age, male and the development of obesity.