Abstract P244: Scleroderma Renal Crisis Among Systemic Sclerosis Patients; A Large Cohort Study From The United States National Emergency Department Database.

Abstract

Background: Literature regarding trends for incidence and mortality of Scleroderma renal crisis (SRC) in systemic sclerosis (SSc) within the United States (US) emergency departments (ED) is limited. Objective: To study the trends for incidence and mortality of SRC among SSc patient encounters within the US EDs. Methods: Data from the national emergency department sample (NEDS) constitutes 20% sample of hospital-owned EDs and in-patient sample in the United States. All ED encounters were included in the analysis. Major complications related to each ED encounter were obtained by using ICD codes. A Linear p-trend was used to assess the trends. Results: Of the total 180,435 ED encounters with a diagnosis of SSc in NEDS for the years 2009-2014, 771 (4.27/1,000) (mean age of 59.6 ± 15.5 years, 75.4% females) patients were recorded with SRC. A total of 32 (4.1%) patients had died during these ED hospital encounters. The SSc with SRC subgroup was associated with higher rates of life-threatening complications when compared to SSc without the SRC subgroup. Cerebrovascular complications include acute ischemic stroke 44 (5.6%). Cardiac complications include new-onset atrial fibrillation 62 (8%), conduction block 13 (1.6%) and acute onset heart failure 186 (24.1%). Other complications include pulmonary arterial hypertension 122 (15.8%), respiratory failure 212 (27.5%), and deep vein thrombosis 36 (4.7%). The yearly trend for the incidence of SRC every 1,000 ED SSc encounters in the United States increased over the study years from 2.11/1,000 in 2009 to 5.79/1,000 in 2014 (linear p-trend 0.002). The yearly trend for the mortality related to SRC in the United States remained steady over the study years 2009-2014 (linear p-trend 0.3187). Conclusion: SRC is a relatively rare medical emergency among patients with SSc. Although there has been a significant rise in the incidence of SRC among SSc patients over the study years, mortality rates had remained steady. Proper management of the underlying risk factors can prevent the development of SRC and associated complications. Keywords: Systemic sclerosis, Scleroderma renal crisis, pulmonary hypertension, deep vein thrombosis.