Abstract P032: Feasibility, safety and efficacy of a modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet for Japanese population

Abstract

Introduction: The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) eating pattern is widely used for lowering blood pressure in the United States. Food preference and intake volume are quite different among American and Japanese diet; therefore, it is necessary to develop a modified version of DASH dietary pattern for Japanese people (JDASH). Hypothesis: The JDASH is feasible, safe and effective among Japanese people. Methods: This crossover pilot study recruited Japanese men and women aged 30 years and over. Participants were randomized to a three week JDASH diet followed by a three week control diet, or the reverse sequence. Intervention periods were separated by two weeks’ washout in which participants returned to their usual diet. The JDASH dietary pattern consisted of higher potassium, magnesium, calcium, dietary fiber, and n-3 fatty acid and lower sodium than Japanese typical diet. The nutrient balance of the control diet was average Japanese diet based on the National Health and Nutrition Survey in Japan. Primary outcome of this trial was a change in 24 hour urine sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratios and secondary outcomes were changes in home and office blood pressure values, lipoprotein profiles and body mass index. These outcomes were from 24 hour urine and blood specimens taken measured before and on the last day of each experimental period. The impact on these measurements was calculated with generalized estimating equation model in consideration of the sequences of intervention. Results: The JDASH diet was well tolerated and with no dropouts. No participant reported any adverse effect regarding this intervention diet and no adverse effects were also observed in biological measures. There were no differences in biological measurements between two diets before intervention. A significant difference in 24 hour urine Na/K ratio was observed (-4.33 mol/mol, p<0.001) between the JDASH diet and the control diet. The differences of systolic blood pressure were - 2.1 mmHg (p=0.396) at the office and -0.1 mmHg (p=0.956) at home, respectively. Significant differences in body mass index and low density lipoprotein were -0.4 kg/m 2 (p=0.002) and -11.0 mg/dl (p=0.038), respectively. Conclusion: Developed modified DASH dietary pattern for Japanese were significantly decrease 24 hour urine Na/K ratio. In conclusion, the results of this pilot study showed the feasibility, safety and efficacy.