Abstract
Describe radiation attenuation strategies with an absorbent, disposable radiation pad and prototype portable radiation shield. Both radiation-reduction devices were evaluated independently and in combination with baseline radiation doses to the hands and eyes of a mannequin model. Articulating mannequin was positioned in a standard right-handed position for simulated IR endovascular left central venous occlusion intervention during 10-second intervals for 10 separate measurements from the mannequin’s hand and eyes. Testing was performed on an anthropomorphic phantom (Alderson RANDO, Imaging Solutions, Cypress, TX) at 80KeV and 36-60 mAs (automatic dosing) with a Phillips Integra Angiography System (The Netherlands). Scatter radiation data was obtained at baseline (no radiation protection) and with a commercially disposable radiation pad (RADPAD 5110A, Worldwide Innovations, Kansas City, KS), a disposable radiation shield (Lock-Block Shield, Omaha, NE) and with simultaneous use of both. Mean attenuation values and modified mean attenuation values were measured. Modified mean measures excluded the highest and lowest values of each study to reduce bias. Modified mean and mean dose reduction compared to baseline to the hand was 64.60% and 31.70% for the radiation shield prototype, 36.30% and 27.40% for the radiation pad and 87.80% and 88% in combination respectively. Modified mean and mean attenuation to the eyes was 30.70% and 32.00% for the radiation shield, 27.70% and 27.20% for the radiation pad, and 46.20% and 43.00% in combination respectively. Both RADPAD and radiation shield devices demonstrated significant reduction to operator hands and eyes independently, but demonstrated additive protection. Low cost disposable radiation systems allow complimentary attenuation strategies for complex and lengthy interventional procedures.
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