Abstract
Portal vein embolization (PVE) is performed to induce future liver remnant (FLR) hypertrophy prior to resection. A variety of embolic materials have been used for PVE, though the agent to induce maximal hypertrophy remains undetermined. 3% sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) is foamed with ethiodized oil and air prior to injection behind balloon occlusion of the proximal right portal vein, allowing impregnation of the portal venules and sinusoids. Microsphere particle (MSP) embolization relies on flow-directed therapy to deliver particles to the terminal portal veins and is followed by particles of escalating size and concluded with coil or plug embolization of the right portal vein.
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