Abstract MP65: Fish Consumption and Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Background: While findings on omega-3 supplements in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are controversial, various studies suggest that fish consumption may be beneficial to cardiovascular health and reduce the risk of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between fish consumption and ACS by conducting a dose-response meta-analysis. Methods: We conducted a literature search of Medline and Embase databases from 1966 to June 2013 for prospective cohort and case-control studies that evaluated the association between fish consumption and ACS among general populations without CVD history. Additional studies were identified via hand search of references of relevant articles. Estimates of relative risk (RR) were pooled using random effects model. Sex and age effects were also evaluated. Results: Our search retrieved 11 prospective cohort and 8 case-control studies, totaling 408,305 participants. Among prospective cohort studies, the highest category of fish consumption, i.e. ≥4 times per week, was associated with the greatest risk reduction in ACS (RR 0.79, 95% CI 0.70-0.89). Among case-control studies, fish consumption also appeared to reduce ACS risk (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.67-0.87 for 1 to <2 times per week). In dose-response analysis, each additional 100 g serving of fish per week was associated with a 5% reduced risk (RR per serving 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.97). Subgroup analysis and meta-regression suggested that the risk reduction did not differ across sex or age groups. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrated that there is an inverse association between fish consumption and ACS risk. Fish consumption appears beneficial in the primary prevention of ACS and higher consumption was associated with higher protection.