Abstract B041: Understanding T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia: Diagnosis and treatment options

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia, or T-LGL leukemia, is rare cancer affecting T-cells and natural killer cells. It is characterized by the abnormal proliferation of mature T-cells expressing specific markers. Standard treatments involve immunosuppressive therapies. Understanding the diagnosis and treatment options is crucial for optimal care. Case Presentation: A 54-year-old male with chronic anemia and iron overload was initially diagnosed with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Vidaza followed treatment with Danazol due to negative MDS and myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) results. Concerns of red cell aplasia led to corticosteroid and cyclosporin administration, discontinued during the COVID-19 outbreak. A subsequent biopsy revealed pure red cell aplasia, and the patient was prescribed Cyclosporin and later switched to Danazol. The patient underwent Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) treatment at a cancer center. A bone marrow biopsy confirmed T-LGL leukemia with abnormal CD8-positive T-cells. PCR analysis confirmed clonal T-cell proliferation. Cytogenetics and mutation analyses were negative. The patient is currently receiving Cyclosporin, prednisone, and Jadenu. Conclusion: This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing T-LGL leukemia, a rare lymphoproliferative disorder. The patient's complex medical history and mimicking of other hematologic disorders underscore the need for a multidisciplinary approach. Individualized therapy based on clinical response is necessary due to limited treatment options. Further research and prospective trials are essential to establish a standard of care. Citation Format: Aliya M. Khan, Kierston R. Patterson, Raj Patel, Sophia Navajas Urisote. Understanding T-cell large granular lymphocytic leukemia: Diagnosis and treatment options [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B041.