Abstract B029: Genetic changes & polymorphisms of neurotransmitter receptors associated with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients

Abstract

Abstract Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) affect cancer patients’ survival and quality of life, despite antiemetic intervention. Polymorphisms in genes involved in nausea and vomiting pathways may influence the risk of CINV response in most cancer patients, who still present with acute and delayed CINV. Hence, this study aimed at profiling Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of three clinically significant neurotransmitter-receptor encoding genes in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This is a prospective cross-sectional study of 299 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy, ages 18-75 years, who were selected across three tertiary healthcare institutions in South-west, Nigeria. Socio-demographic, clinical data and CINV occurrence responses were obtained using a self-designed questionnaire and patient interview post-chemotherapy. Target genes from genomic DNA extracted in collected blood samples were amplified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. Nucleotide sequences were identified by Next Generation Sequencing and analyzed using bioinformatics software. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant for the association between identified SNPs and CINV. The majority of participants presented with advanced-stage cancer (stage 3) as compared to that early-stage 1. Cancer patients who experienced CINV were highly prevalent in breast cancer [84(62.9%); 41(30.60%)] and cervical cancer [33(50%); 33(45.46%)]. SNPs alongside their positions and frequencies were identified in the participants; HTR3A [(5’UTR; rs1062613(C>T), 9(45%)], DRD2 [Exon7; rs6277(G>A), 16(80%), intron 6; rs1076560 (C>A), 16(80%)], COMT [Exon 4; rs4680(G>A), 19(95%)] and TACR1 [Exon2; Y192H(T>C), 11(55%) and Exon 4; (rs17838409 (G>A)] respectively. None of the SNPs was significantly (P>0.05) associated with CINV occurrence. However, rs1062613, rs6277, and rs4680 were significantly (P<0.05) associated with vomiting grade, while rs4680 was found to be significantly associated with nausea severity. The identified neurotransmitter receptors SNPs exert influence on CINV response in cancer patients. Citation Format: John Abiodun Obadipe, Titilola Aderonke Samuel, Oluyemi Akinloye, Mutiu Alani Jimoh, Adewunmi Olabimpe Alabi, Babatunde M. Alabi, Oluwabanke Temitope Adewusi, Valerie Odero-marah. Genetic changes & polymorphisms of neurotransmitter receptors associated with chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B029.