Abstract B003: Smoking cessation interventions among Asian Americans: A PRISMA scoping review

Abstract

Abstract Background Tobacco use is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the US. Smoking rates remain disproportionately high among Asian Americans, particularly in males and those with limited English proficiency, including Vietnamese (43%), Korean (37%) and Chinese (29%) Americans. High social acceptability of smoking in participants’ countries of origin, low quit intention, and low use of linguistically appropriate smoking cessation resources for Asian Americans were the key barriers identified to control tobacco in this underserved population. This abstract aims to systematically review studies that evaluate the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions targeted to Asian Americans. Method We searched Scopus, Medline, Cochrane Central and Google Scholar from 2010 through March 2022 and reference lists of relevant articles. Included studies described smoking cessation interventions for Asian Americans and Asian immigrants and must have reported outcomes related to feasibility, acceptability, usability, or smoking-related outcomes. Results We identified 12 studies that enrolled 3366 participants (range 30-2277). Four studies focused on Chinese immigrants, four targeted Korean immigrants and the remainder focused on a mixed group of Asian immigrants (Chinese, Korean and Vietnamese). Five studies were conducted in California and four in NYC. Studies (n=10) mainly used individual counseling either in person or by phone as part of the intervention delivery and emerged as feasible and culturally acceptable. All studies reported smoking related outcomes such as greater abstinence (abstinence rate range 26.7%-57.1%) and an increase in quit attempts. Culturally-sensitive intervention components and linguistically-tailored intervention content were recognized as the key to promote participant engagement. Retention ranged from 42% to 98% across the included studies. Lessons learned highlighted the importance of partnership with Asian community, culture/ethnic congruence for specific Asian subgroups, and family involvement and support. Conclusion The lack of direct in-language smoking cessation treatment puts Asian language smokers without the service at a distinct disadvantage in access to evidence-based treatment. Our review reports the feasibility, acceptability and effectiveness of a very limited numbers of culturally targeted smoking cessation interventions for Asian-Americans and Asian immigrants, who are the fastest growing racial ethnic group in the US. Future research should continue to explore novel community-based and culturally adapted cessation approaches for hard-to-reach and high-risk ethnic Asian subgroups. Citation Format: Debbie Diep, SoHye Park, Tran Huynh, Julie Barta, Hee-Soon Juon, Kuang-Yi Wen. Smoking cessation interventions among Asian Americans: A PRISMA scoping review [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 15th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2022 Sep 16-19; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2022;31(1 Suppl):Abstract nr B003.