Abstract 9975: Midwall Late Gadolinium Enhancement Predicts Mortality in Non-Ischemic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Abstract

Introduction: Small studies with composite endpoints show that midwall late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) predicts short term adverse prognosis in dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). We hypothesized that midwall LGE is an independent predictor of mortality over a long follow-up period. Methods: Consecutive patients with DCM referred for CMR between 2002-2008 were prospectively enrolled. The diagnosis of DCM was made using clinical, CMR and coronary angiographic findings. Patients with ischemic heart disease, primary valvar disease and infiltrative CM were excluded. LGE-CMR at 1.5T (Siemens Sonata or Avanto, Germany) was performed in 2 phase-encoding directions. The presence of midwall LGE was determined by a specialist blinded to all outcome data. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality. The secondary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular (CV) mortality or cardiac transplantation. Results: Two hundred and thirty patients (157 male, mean age 50 yrs, mean LVEF 35%) were followed up for a median duration of 44 months. Midwall LGE was identified in 87 (38%) patients. No patient was lost to follow-up. There were 33 deaths (26 CV deaths, 7 non-cardiac) and 7 patients underwent cardiac transplantation. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated a significant association between the presence of midwall LGE and both the primary (p=0.02, Fig.1) and secondary (p=0.003) endpoints. Midwall LGE remained a significant independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.1 to 4.7; p=0.035) and CV mortality/transplantation (HR 2.8, 95% CI 1.3 to 6.0; p=0.007) on stepwise Cox regression multivariable analysis allowing for conventional outcome predictors. Conclusions: Midwall LGE is a significant independent predictor of both all-cause mortality and CV mortality/transplantation in DCM. Detection of midwall LGE by CMR represents an important and novel marker for the risk stratification of DCM patients.