Abstract 9440: Acs in a Patient With Amegakaryocytic Thrombocytopenia: A Management Dilemma

Abstract

Introduction: The management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) in thrombocytopenia is challenging. This abstract highlights the management dilemma of a patient who presented with high-risk ACS and was found to have Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (AMT). Case Presentation: A fifty-five-year-old man with no cardiovascular risk factors was admitted with high-risk ACS with recurrent ischemic ECG changes and high troponin-T. He was found to have a low platelet count of 9 x10^3/uL. The initial impression was ACS and ITP. Course: No antiplatelet or anticoagulation was commenced. CT coronary angiography showed ostial left main (LM) severe stenosis. The patient received steroids and IVIG. A week later, cyclosporin and eltrombopag were added as the thrombocytopenia was refractory. Bone marrow biopsy showed AMT. His chest pain was persistent with ECG ischemic changes. A multidisciplinary team (MDT) decided that revascularization is urgently required, but the surgical option would have an extremely high bleeding risk. Alternatively, the Percutaneous option using radial access would have significantly less bleeding risk. However, he will need DAPT for at least the first week, which if interrupted, he will be at risk for stent thrombosis. The final decision was for platelet transfusion, then to proceed with the PCI once the platelet count is 50,000 or more, and to maintain the count > 15,000 by transfusion whenever required. Management: After the targeted transfusion, the patient was started on aspirin and clopidogrel, then successful IVUS guided PCI to ostial LM with new generation DES was done via radial access and low therapeutic ACT range. Post PCI, the patient remained asymptomatic; he was observed as an inpatient for 14 days, during which he required platelet transfusion once when his platelet count dropped < 15.000. DAPT was given for a week and then he was maintained on clopidogrel. In 3 months of follow-up, the patient had no cardiac complaints, no bleeding, and platelets were maintained between 15 to 30 on clopidogrel. Conclusion: ACS with severe thrombocytopenia is a management dilemma. Platelets transfusion, radial access, targeting low ACT, and using new generation stents for shorter DAPT duration might decrease the bleeding risk and thrombotic events.