ABSTRACT 694

Abstract

Background and aims: Human Bocavirus (HBoV), belongs to the genus Bocavirus of the Parvoviridae family. HBoV1 is predominantly a respiratory pathogen, whereas HBoV2, HBoV3, and HBoV4 have been found mainly in stool. A variety of signs and symptoms have been described in patients with HBoV infection including rhinitis, pharyngitis, cough, dyspnea, wheezing, pneumonia, acute otitis media, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Here we report a child who developed a life-threatening HBoV infection. Methods: Case: Previously healthy two years old girl with acute respiratory distress was admitted to the emergency department. On admission, there was a respiratory rate 62 breaths/minute with an oxygen saturation of %89. She had roncuses and bilateral breath sounds were decreased with prolonged expiration. Parenteral antibiotics, steroid and inhalation of short acting beta-2 agonist were initiated. Chest radiography revealed bilateral infiltrates. She developed severe respiratory failure despite the treatment and managed in PICU with mechanically ventilation. Cultures of blood and bronchoalveolar lavage were negative for bacteria on the day of admission. A nasopharyngeal aspirate was only positive for HBoV by PCR. The girl was extubated on the sixth day and compeletly recovered on the tenth day of hospitalization. Conclusions: Infections with HBoV is typically characterized with mild upper respiratory tract disease. It may also causes lower respiratory tract infections. For a few patients who develop severe symptoms with HBoV, the prognosis may range from fair to poor, rarely leading to life-threatening conditions. We aimed to emphasize this virus may lead to respiratory failure and need for mechanically ventilation support.