Abstract 676: The integrated stress activator BTM-3566 overcomes therapeutic resistance in mantle cell lymphoma

Abstract

Abstract Successive generations of BTK inhibitors and CAR T-cell therapy have transformed the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). However, treatment resistance has inevitably emerged, creating significant medical need. Recently a novel, clinical stage small molecule, BTM-3566, has been described that targets a mitochondrial process essential for Diffuse Large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) survival. BTM-3566 activates the mitochondrial protease OMA1, triggering the ATF4 integrated stress response (ISR). BTM-3566 has robust in vitro efficacy in DLBCL cell lines irrespective of genomic background and elicits complete tumor regression in multiple CDX and PDX mouse models of DLBCL. Based on the activity observed in DLBCL, we further explored the effectiveness of BTM-3566 in MCL models in vitro and in xenograft mouse models in vivo. BTM-3566 inhibited cell proliferation across a panel of MCL cell lines, irrespective of resistance status to ibrutinib and venetoclax (IC50s of 142.5-687.6 nM). Following a 24-hour treatment with BTM-3566, a dose-dependent increase in apoptosis was observed in four tested MCL cell lines—JeKo-1, JeKo-IBN-R, Mino, and Mino-VEN-R, as determined by increased caspase-3 activation and PARP cleavage. Similarly, western blot analysis revealed dose-dependent reductions in MCL-1 and c-MYC, accompanied by an increase in the transcription factor ATF4, indicative of activation of the stress response. We evaluated the in vivo efficacy of BTM-3566 in the JeKo-CDX mouse model. Daily oral administration of BTM-3566 at 10, 20 and 30 mg/kg (n = 5 for each group) in a 5-day on and 2-day off schedule resulted in tumor regression at all three doses (Treatment vs. Vehicle, p < 0.01). We expanded our investigation to PDX mouse models, including those derived from patients resistant to multiple therapies. Four PDX models encompassing naive, rituximab-resistant, BTKi-CAR T dual-resistant and BTKi-VEN-CAR T triple-resistant models were evaluated. BTM-3566 treatment results in nearly complete tumor growth inhibition associated with robust reductions in tumor burden in treated mice across all four PDX models (reduction in tumor weight at the study endpoint, p < 0.001). Notably, no toxicity was observed during the treatment period. In summary, BTM-3566 is effective in treating MCL in vitro and in vivo in preclinical studies. Citation Format: Yang Liu, Heng-Huan Lee, Joseph McIntosh, Yijing Li, Tianci Zhang, Wei Wang, Matthew J. Kostura, Michael Wang. The integrated stress activator BTM-3566 overcomes therapeutic resistance in mantle cell lymphoma [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 676.