Abstract 5892: Whole-exome and RNA sequencing reveals chromosomal rearrangements associated with the recurrence of pulmonary carcinoid

Abstract

Abstract Background: The majority of pulmonary carcinoid (PC) tumors can be cured by surgical resection alone, but a significant proportion of patients experience recurrence. As PC is insensitive to conventional chemotherapy and a significant proportion of patients develop metastases, further clarification of the molecular mechanisms of metastasis is needed in order to develop targeted therapeutics. Material and Method: We performed comprehensive whole-exome sequencing (WES) of primary tumors and corresponding normal lung tissues from 14 PC patients (including 4 patients who developed postsurgical distant metastasis) and RNA sequencing of primary tumors from 6 PC patients (including 4 patients who developed postsurgical distant metastasis). Exon array-based gene expression analysis was performed in 25 cases of PC. Results: We identified a total of 139 alterations in 136 genes. MUC6 and SPTA1 were recurrently mutated at a frequency of 21% (3/14) and 14% (2/14), respectively. Mucin protein family genes including MUC2, MUC4 and MUC6 were mutated in a mutually exclusive manner in 36% (5/14). Pathway analysis of the mutated genes revealed enrichment of genes involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and focal adhesion, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β signaling. RNA sequencing revealed a total of 8 novel fusion transcripts including one derived from a chromosomal translocation between the TRIB2 and PRKCE genes. All of the 8 fusion genes were detected in primary PCs that had developed metastasis after surgical resection. We identified 14 genes up-regulated in 5 PCs that had relapsed after surgical resection. Conclusions: In this study we identified novel somatic mutations and chromosomal rearrangements in PC by examining clinically aggressive cases that had developed postsurgical metastasis. It will be essential to validate the clinical significance of these genetic changes in a larger independent patient cohort. Citation Format: Akihiko Miyanaga, Mari Masuda, Noriko Motoi, Koji Tsuta, Yuka Nakamura, Nobuhiko Nishijima, Shun-ichi Watanabe, Hisao Asamura, Akihiko Tsuchida, Masahiro Seike, Akihiko Gemma, Tesshi Yamada. Whole-exome and RNA sequencing reveals chromosomal rearrangements associated with the recurrence of pulmonary carcinoid [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 5892.