Abstract 5808: Integrin-linked kinase regulates Wnt transcriptional activity in platinum resistant ovarian cancer stem cells

Abstract

Abstract Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most lethal gynecological cancer, characterized by chemo-resistance and fatal tumor recurrence after primary treatment. The metastatic progression is mediated by exfoliation of tumor cells into the peritoneal cavity, the formation of compact OC spheroids, and their implantation onto the overlying peritoneal surface. Spheroid formation is promoted by a change of cell adhesion properties, enhanced secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, such as fibronectin (FN), that stiffen the tumor stroma, promote the aberrant activation of integrins, and recruit the adaptor protein integrin-linked kinase (ILK). ILK drives cytoskeletal assembly and modulates key processes, including survival, invasion, and stemness. However, the functional role of ILK in chemoresistance of ovarian cancer stem cells (OCSCs) remains incompletely understood. We tested the hypothesis that the formation of FN-integrin complexes at the cell membrane promotes survival of OCSCs and supports OC spheroid formation by activating ILK and downstream oncogenic signaling. In OCSCs compared with non-CSC, ILK, FN, and integrin β1 mRNA expression levels were increased (P<0.001) and further enriched in OC spheroids compared with monolayers (P<0.01). ILK blockade with the specific inhibitor cpd-22 suppressed spheroid proliferation and tumor initiating capacity in xenograft mouse model. Furthermore, key oncogenic signaling pathways, in particular decreased β-catenin signaling essential to sustaining cancer cell stemness, were altered in OC spheroids treated with cpd-22. Of the genes examined, expression of Wnt receptor Frizzled 7 (Fzd7) was the mostly highly downregulated in OC spheroids treated with cpd-22, indicating a direct correlation between ILK activation and Wnt signaling. By using co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay, we demonstrated that ILK co-localizes with Fzd7 in OC spheroids. Mechanistically, treatment of OC spheroids with the combination of carboplatin and ILK-Fzd7 blockade decreased β-catenin signaling, inhibited phospho-Akt at Ser473 and increased levels of cleaved-caspase-3 compared to single agent alone, resulting in apoptosis. By regulating β-catenin signaling, Fzd7 expression and ILK activation are essential for OCSCs survival. Targeting Fzd7-ILK clusters may represent a new therapeutic approach to eradicate OCSC and ultimately improve patient outcomes. Citation Format: Rula Atwani, Virginie Lazar, George Earl Sandusky, Salvatore Condello. Integrin-linked kinase regulates Wnt transcriptional activity in platinum resistant ovarian cancer stem cells. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2023; Part 1 (Regular and Invited Abstracts); 2023 Apr 14-19; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2023;83(7_Suppl):Abstract nr 5808.