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Abstract
Abstract Lung cancer is reportedly the most common form of cancer worldwide, with a 13-15% occurrence of all known cancers being reported daily. Lung cancer is also the most deadly form of cancer as it has been observed to be resistant to most therapeutic treatments and it demonstrates a metastasis within lymph nodes. An alternative approach is to identify the cytotoxic effects of non-invasive medicinal plant extracts on NSCLC. Thus the aim of the study was to compare the cytotoxic effects of the invasive anti-cancer drugs, taxol and camptothecin, with less invasive plant extracts of L. fruticosus on cell line A549. Cells seem to show a degree of cell death after treatment however some degree of cells still remain viable indicating usefulness in chemotherapy. The following techniques were used, exCELLigence RTCA, Cell cycle, Annexin V apoptosis analysis and LC-MS to identify the compound. Cells treated with camptothecin, Methanol and butanol extracts indicate some degree of early apoptosis which was indicative of little to no DNA fragmentation. Cell cycle arrest was observed in both camptothecin and taxol treated cells, however there was little evidence to suggest the same for L. Fruticosus extracts as there was a high degree of cell death that was observed during the cell cycle analysis. Apoptotic genes that were found in A549 treated cells upregulated in the absence of p53. Phytochemical screening of the L. Fruticosus plant extracts indicated that the plant possesses compounds that display apoptotic activity. These findings suggest that camptothecin, taxol and extract of L. fruticosus display cytotoxic activity on A549 cells. The upregulation of genes in absence of p53 seem to suggest that treatments induce apoptosis using an alternative apoptotic pathway. Note: This abstract was not presented at the meeting. Citation Format: Lesetja Raymond Motadi, Lungile Ndlovu. Elucidating the cytotoxic effects of taxol,camptothecin and Lobostemon fruticosus extracts on non-small cell lung cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5543. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5543
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